
How are countries developing creative economy?
The creative economic development experience of countries around the world is a useful lesson for Vietnam in the process of promoting economic growth.
How to understand creative economy?
After more than 36 years of innovation, Vietnam has achieved extensive achievements in socio -economic development in general and economic growth in particular. However, we still have to face risks and challenges related to the sustainability of growth. Growth is still significantly based on increasing input resources and labor/resource intensive industries, while contributing of factors directly associated with improving quality, labor productivity, capacity Competition is not commensurate with expectations.
However, the future economic growth of the country will face greater challenges when traditional growth inputs such as capital, unskilled labor, land, natural resources are gradually reaching. threshold limit. Therefore, the socio -economic development strategy for the period 2021-2030 has emphasized the strong development of technology, innovation, and digital transformation to create a breakthrough in labor productivity, quality, Efficiency and competitiveness.
Innovative economic concept has been born and has been continuously adjusted for more than three decades. With thinking that promotes creative economy, each economy can also take advantage of the existing policy framework on other economic models. Innovative services in many economies are considered to have better resistance and better recovery during the pandemic period. More importantly, creative economic thinking helps complete the policy so that creative ideas have the conditions, cycles from formation, production, supply, distribution and even export, thereby carrying Another added value for the economy, higher profits for businesses and higher income for workers.
According to CIEM, the creative economy is defined as the economy formed based on the cycles of ideas, development, production, distribution and consumption (including export) of commodity products and Innovative service, associated with establishment, respect and protection of intellectual property. This definition emphasizes two factors: (i) Commercializing creative products and services; (ii) Establish, respect and protect intellectual property.
In recent years, the export of global creative goods has grown significantly because many countries around the world are implementing measures to support cultural and creative industry. There is a difference between creative commodity groups exported between developing countries and developed countries. Developed countries dominate export, visual and visual arts, while developing countries dominate the export of design and handicrafts.
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Export of global creative goods in 2020 |
For creative services, UNCTAD is divided into 6 groups: (1) Research and development; (2) Software; (3) audiovisual; (4) Information; (5) Advertising, market research and architecture; (6) Cultural, entertainment and heritage services.
In fact, the export of creative services has surpassed the export of creative goods due to the strong increase in exporting software, research and development services, as well as digitizing some bright goods. create. Developed countries have stronger than creative services than developing countries, but the gap between the two groups of these countries is gradually narrowing.
How are countries developing creative economy?
Sharing experiences of creative economic development of some countries in the world, Mr. Nguyen Anh Duong, Head of the General Research Committee – CIEM said that in China, the concept of creative industry was first applied. In Shanghai 2004, showing the nation’s vision in converting from an industrial economy based on export to creative economy sustainable, original intellectual property and brand development Top, in order to promote soft power through cultural exports.
China also issued the strategy of “Made in China 2025” focusing on developing value -added industry and high technology to create high quality products and services. China’s 13th year plan (2016-2020) has considered creative economy as a strategic emerging industry.
In Korea, the creative economy was set as a agenda and policy in 2013. According to the definition of the Korean Government, the creative economy is a new economic strategy, creating New industries and markets by integrating, adjusting imagination and creativity in science, information technology and communication, creating sustainable jobs through promoting traditional industries. . Some innovative industries in Korea have high export levels, such as: Game (2.9 billion USD in 2014); The Korean wave Hallyu (Korea) through cinema and music (Kpop) …
In the United States, 4.01% of the total number of enterprises and 2.04% of workers are participating in different creative industry areas. Cultural and artistic economic activities accounted for 4.4% of GDP, equivalent to 1.02 trillion USD in 2021. To support workers and businesses in the creative industry, in 2022, the Senate And the US House of Representatives has launched a law to promote local creative economic forces and art (Place). Accordingly, increasing federal resources and expanding federal interests for users’ creativity and skills; empowering creative workers, helping to promote growth in new and existing businesses, and at the same time promote US cultural export to abroad; Establishing an interdisciplinary council to encourage the development of creative economy.
Singapore has issued strategies to promote creative economy in the direction of top-down with the orientation of the government and the coordination of management agencies. The country developed an innovative economic measurement system through promoting statistical work and effectively serving the Government’s direction. At the same time, developing a master plan to coordinate and deploy various policies and strategies, including: (i) Renaissance city plan; (ii) National media plan 21; (iii) National design plan.
Some implies for Vietnam
According to Mr. Nguyen Anh Duong, Vietnam has many advantages to develop creative economy thanks to the young population, knowledgeable about technology; rich cultural heritage; Digitization process takes place quickly; Increase integration with global economy …
In 2020, Vietnam ranks 8th in the world in terms of the value of exported goods. Innovative economic sectors in Vietnam include: (i) handicrafts; (ii) Fashion and design; (iii) Food art; (iv) Performing art; (v) Art shaping art; (vi) Movies & Communications; (vii) Information technology and software engineering; (viii) Tourism & cultural heritage; (IX) Music & entertainment; (x) Publishing & Literature; (Xi) creative digital content (blog, vlog, podcast and create content on social networks); (XII) Marketing and digital advertising.
Although we have noticed the development potential of creative economy, we do not have a specific concept of creative economy suitable to the practice in Vietnam. Recent discussions are mainly preliminary, have not had a strict basis on the basis of methodical scientific research, there is no strict and feasible policy implications.
CIEM’s survey in some localities in recent years also shows that different understanding of creative economy, even lack of clear decomposition with innovative innovation. Due to the relatively new creative economy, Vietnam encountered the shortage of updated, regular and detailed data to analyze the relevant content.
From the experience of some countries in the world, Mr. Nguyen Anh Duong said that in order to develop the creative economy, it is necessary to improve the policies and law institutions to create appropriate legal framework for the development. develop creative economy. It is necessary to have creative integration thinking in economic development policies, goods and services export policies. Create support mechanisms (tax, finance, ground, connection, industry links …) for creative economic development. Promote digital conversion to support more effectively for creative economy …